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117 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
117 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
# Python Setup Tips
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There are several different ways you can install Python and set up your computing environment. Here, I am illustrating my personal preference.
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(I am using computers running macOS, but this workflow is similar for Linux machines and may work for other operating systems as well.)
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<br>
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<br>
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## 1. Download and install Miniforge
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Download miniforge from the GitHub repository [here](https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge).
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/download.png" alt="download" width="600px">
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Depending on your operating system, this should download either an `.sh` (macOS, Linux) or `.exe` file (Windows).
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For the `.sh` file, open your command line terminal and execute the following command
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```bash
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sh ~/Desktop/Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh
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```
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where `Desktop/` is the folder where the Miniforge installer was downloaded to. On your computer, you may have to replace it with `Downloads/`.
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/miniforge-install.png" alt="miniforge-install" width="600px">
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Next, step through the download instructions, confirming with "Enter".
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<br>
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<br>
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## 2. Create a new virtual environment
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After the installation was successfully completed, I recommend creating a new virtual environment called `LLMs`, which you can do by executing
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```bash
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conda create -n LLMs python=3.10
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```
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/new-env.png" alt="new-env" width="600px">
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> Many scientific computing libraries do not immediately support the newest version of Python. Therefore, when installing PyTorch, it's advisable to use a version of Python that is one or two releases older. For instance, if the latest version of Python is 3.13, using Python 3.10 or 3.11 is recommended.
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Next, activate your new virtual environment (you have to do it every time you open a new terminal window or tab):
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```bash
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conda activate LLMs
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```
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/activate-env.png" alt="activate-env" width="600px">
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<br>
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<br>
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## Optional: styling your terminal
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If you want to style your terminal similar to mine so that you can see which virtual environment is active, check out the [Oh My Zsh](https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh) project.
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<br>
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<br>
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## 3. Install new Python libraries
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To install new Python libraries, you can now use the `conda` package installer. For example, you can install [JupyterLab](https://jupyter.org/install) and [watermark](https://github.com/rasbt/watermark) as follows:
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```bash
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conda install jupyterlab watermark
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```
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/conda-install.png" alt="conda-install" width="600px">
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You can also still use `pip` to install libraries. By default, `pip` should be linked to your new `LLms` conda environment:
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/check-pip.png" alt="check-pip" width="600px">
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<br>
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<br>
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## 4. Install PyTorch
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PyTorch can be installed just like any other Python library or package using pip. For example:
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```bash
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pip install torch
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```
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However, since PyTorch is a comprehensive library featuring CPU- and GPU-compatible codes, the installation may require additional settings and explanation (see the *A.1.3 Installing PyTorch in the book for more information*).
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It's also highly recommended to consult the installation guide menu on the official PyTorch website at [https://pytorch.org](https://pytorch.org).
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<img src="https://sebastianraschka.com/images/LLMs-from-scratch-images/setup/01_optional-python-setup-preferences/pytorch-installer.jpg" width="600px">
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## 5. Installing Python packages and libraries used in this book
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Please refer to the [Installing Python packages and libraries used in this book](../02_installing-python-libraries/README.md) document for instructions on how to install the required libraries.
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<br>
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---
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Any questions? Please feel free to reach out in the [Discussion Forum](https://github.com/rasbt/LLMs-from-scratch/discussions).
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