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# Document Image Orientation Classification Module Tutorial

## 1. Overview

The Document Image Orientation Classification Module is primarily designed to distinguish the orientation of document images and correct them through post-processing. During processes such as document scanning or ID photo capturing, the device might be rotated to achieve clearer images, resulting in images with various orientations. Standard OCR pipelines may not handle these images effectively. By leveraging image classification techniques, the orientation of documents or IDs containing text regions can be pre-determined and adjusted, thereby improving the accuracy of OCR processing.

## 2. Supported Models List

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Model</th><th>Model Download Links</th>
<th>Top-1 Acc (%)</th>
<th>GPU Inference Time (ms)<br>[Normal Mode / High-Performance Mode]</th>
<th>CPU Inference Time (ms)<br>[Normal Mode / High-Performance Mode]</th>
<th>Model Size (MB)</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>PP-LCNet_x1_0_doc_ori</td><td><a href="https://paddle-model-ecology.bj.bcebos.com/paddlex/official_inference_model/paddle3.0.0/PP-LCNet_x1_0_doc_ori_infer.tar">Inference Model</a>/<a href="https://paddle-model-ecology.bj.bcebos.com/paddlex/official_pretrained_model/PP-LCNet_x1_0_doc_ori_pretrained.pdparams">Pretrained Model</a></td>
<td>99.06</td>
<td>2.31 / 0.43</td>
<td>3.37 / 1.27</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>A document image classification model based on PP-LCNet_x1_0, with four categories: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<strong>Test Environment Description:</strong>

<ul>
    <li><b>Performance Test Environment</b>
        <ul>
            <li><strong>Test Dataset:</strong> Self-built multi-scenario dataset (1000 images, including ID/document scenarios)</li>
            <li><strong>Hardware Configuration:</strong>
                <ul>
                    <li>GPU: NVIDIA Tesla T4</li>
                    <li>CPU: Intel Xeon Gold 6271C @ 2.60GHz</li>
                    <li>Other Environment: Ubuntu 20.04 / cuDNN 8.6 / TensorRT 8.5.2.2</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><b>Inference Mode Description</b></li>
</ul>

<table border="1">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Mode</th>
            <th>GPU Configuration</th>
            <th>CPU Configuration</th>
            <th>Acceleration Technology Combination</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td>Normal Mode</td>
            <td>FP32 Precision / No TRT Acceleration</td>
            <td>FP32 Precision / 8 Threads</td>
            <td>PaddleInference</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>High-Performance Mode</td>
            <td>Optimal combination of precision type and acceleration strategy</td>
            <td>FP32 Precision / 8 Threads</td>
            <td>Optimal backend selected (Paddle/OpenVINO/TRT, etc.)</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

## 3. Quick Start

> ❗ Before starting, please install the PaddleOCR wheel package. For details, refer to the [Installation Guide](../installation.en.md).

You can quickly experience it with one command:

```bash
paddleocr doc_img_orientation_classification -i https://paddle-model-ecology.bj.bcebos.com/paddlex/imgs/demo_image/img_rot180_demo.jpg
```

You can also integrate the model inference of the Document Image Orientation Classification Module into your project. Before running the following code, please download the [sample image](https://paddle-model-ecology.bj.bcebos.com/paddlex/imgs/demo_image/img_rot180_demo.jpg) to your local machine.

```python
from paddleocr import DocImgOrientationClassification

model = DocImgOrientationClassification(model_name="PP-LCNet_x1_0_doc_ori")
output = model.predict("img_rot180_demo.jpg", batch_size=1)
for res in output:
    res.print(json_format=False)
    res.save_to_img("./output/demo.png")
    res.save_to_json("./output/res.json")
```

After running, the result will be:

```bash
{'res': {'input_path': 'img_rot180_demo.jpg', 'page_index': None, 'class_ids': array([2], dtype=int32), 'scores': array([0.88164], dtype=float32), 'label_names': ['180']}}
```

The meaning of the output parameters is as follows:
- `input_path`: Represents the path of the input image.
- `class_ids`: Represents the predicted class ID, with four categories: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.
```- `scores`: Represents the confidence level of the prediction result.
- `label_names`: Represents the category names of the prediction results.

Here is the visualization of the image:

<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cuicheng01/PaddleX_doc_images/refs/heads/main/images/modules/doc_img_ori_classification/img_rot180_demo_res.jpg">

The explanations of relevant methods and parameters are as follows:

* Instantiate the document image orientation classification model with `DocImgOrientationClassification` (taking `PP-LCNet_x1_0_doc_ori` as an example here). The specific explanations are as follows:

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Parameter Type</th>
<th>Options</th>
<th>Default Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td><code>model_name</code></td>
<td>Model name</td>
<td><code>str</code></td>
<td>None</td>
<td><code>None</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>model_dir</code></td>
<td>Model storage path</td>
<td><code>str</code></td>
<td>None</td>
<td>None</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>device</code></td>
<td>Model inference device</td>
<td><code>str</code></td>
<td>Supports specifying the specific card number of GPU, such as "gpu:0", specific card numbers of other hardware, such as "npu:0", and CPU, such as "cpu".</td>
<td><code>gpu:0</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>use_hpip</code></td>
<td>Whether to enable the high-performance inference plugin</td>
<td><code>bool</code></td>
<td>None</td>
<td><code>False</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>hpi_config</code></td>
<td>High-performance inference configuration</td>
<td><code>dict</code> | <code>None</code></td>
<td>None</td>
<td><code>None</code></td>
</tr>
</table>

* Among them, `model_name` must be specified. After specifying `model_name`, the model parameters built into PaddleX are used by default. On this basis, when `model_dir` is specified, the user-defined model is used.

* Call the `predict()` method of the document image orientation classification model for inference prediction. This method will return a list of results. In addition, this module also provides the `predict_iter()` method. The two methods are completely consistent in terms of parameter acceptance and result return. The difference is that `predict_iter()` returns a `generator`, which can process and obtain prediction results step by step, suitable for scenarios where large datasets need to be processed or memory needs to be saved. You can choose either of these two methods according to your actual needs. The parameters of the `predict()` method are `input` and `batch_size`, and the specific explanations are as follows:

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Parameter Type</th>
<th>Options</th>
<th>Default Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td><code>input</code></td>
<td>Data to be predicted, supporting multiple input types</td>
<td><code>Python Var</code>/<code>str</code>/<code>list</code></td>
<td>
<ul>
  <li><b>Python variable</b>, such as image data represented by <code>numpy.ndarray</code></li>
  <li><b>File path</b>, such as the local path of an image file: <code>/root/data/img.jpg</code></li>
  <li><b>URL link</b>, such as the network URL of an image file: <a href = "https://paddle-model-ecology.bj.bcebos.com/paddlex/imgs/demo_image/img_rot180_demo.jpg">Example</a></li>
  <li><b>Local directory</b>, which should contain the data files to be predicted, such as the local path: <code>/root/data/</code></li>
  <li><b>List</b>, the elements of the list should be of the above types, such as <code>[numpy.ndarray, numpy.ndarray]</code>, <code>["/root/data/img1.jpg", "/root/data/img2.jpg"]</code>, <code>["/root/data1", "/root/data2"]</code></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td>None</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>batch_size</code></td>
<td>Batch size</td>
<td><code>int</code></td>
<td>Any integer</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>

* Process the prediction results. The prediction result for each sample is the corresponding Result object, and it supports operations such as printing, saving as an image, and saving as a `json` file:

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Parameter Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Default Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td rowspan = "3"><code>print()</code></td>
<td rowspan = "3">Print the result to the terminal</td>
<td><code>format_json</code></td>
<td><code>bool</code></td>
<td>Whether to format the output content using <code>JSON</code> indentation</td>
<td><code>True</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>indent</code></td>
<td><code>int</code></td>
<td>Specify the indentation level to beautify the output <code>JSON</code> data and make it more readable. It is only valid when <code>format_json</code> is <code>True</code>.</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>ensure_ascii</code></td>
<td><code>bool</code></td>
<td>Control whether to escape non-<code>ASCII</code> characters as <code>Unicode</code>. When set to <code>True</code>, all non-<code>ASCII</code> characters will be escaped; when set to <code>False</code>, the original characters will be retained. It is only valid when <code>format_json</code> is <code>True</code>.</td>
<td><code>False</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan = "3"><code>save_to_json()</code></td>
<td rowspan = "3">Save the result as a file in <code>json</code> format</td>
<td><code>save_path</code></td>
<td><code>str</code></td>
<td>The file path to save. When it is a directory, the saved file name is consistent with the naming of the input file type.</td>
<td>None</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>indent</code></td>
<td><code>int</code></td>
<td>Specify the indentation level to beautify the output <code>JSON</code> data and make it more readable. It is only valid when <code>format_json</code> is <code>True</code>.</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>ensure_ascii</code></td>
<td><code>bool</code></td>
<td>Control whether to escape non-<code>ASCII</code> characters as <code>Unicode</code>. When set to <code>True</code>, all non-<code>ASCII</code> characters will be escaped; when set to <code>False</code>, the original characters will be retained. It is only valid when <code>format_json</code> is <code>True</code>.</td>
<td><code>False</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>save_to_img()</code></td>
<td>Save the result as a file in image format</td>
<td><code>save_path</code></td>
<td><code>str</code></td>
<td>The file path to save. When it is a directory, the saved file name is consistent with the naming of the input file type.</td>
<td>None</td>
</tr>
</table>

* In addition, it also supports obtaining the visualization image with results and the prediction results through attributes. The specifics are as follows:

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Attribute</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td rowspan = "1"><code>json</code></td>
<td rowspan = "1">Get the prediction result in <code>json</code> format</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan = "1"><code>img</code></td>
<td rowspan = "1">Get the visualization image in <code>dict</code> format</td>
</tr>

</table>

## IV. Secondary Development

Since PaddleOCR does not directly provide training functionality for document image orientation classification, if you need to train a document image orientation classification model, you can refer to the [PaddleX Secondary Development for Document Image Orientation Classification](https://paddlepaddle.github.io/PaddleX/latest/en/module_usage/tutorials/ocr_modules/doc_img_orientation_classification.html#iv-custom-development) section for training guidance. The trained model can be seamlessly integrated into PaddleOCR's API for inference purposes.

## V. FAQ