autogen/website/docs/tutorial/introduction.ipynb

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   "source": [
    "# Introduction to AutoGen\n",
    "\n",
    "Welcome! AutoGen is an open-source framework that leverages multiple _agents_ to enable complex workflows. This tutorial introduces basic concepts and building blocks of AutoGen."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Why AutoGen?\n",
    "\n",
    "> _The whole is greater than the sum of its parts._<br/>\n",
    "> -**Aristotle**\n",
    "\n",
    "While there are many definitions of agents, in AutoGen, an agent is an entity that can send messages, receive messages and generate reply using models, tools, human inputs or a mixture of them.\n",
    "This abstraction not only allows agents to model real-world and abstract entities, such as people and algorithms, but it also simplifies implementation of complex workflows as collaboration among agents.\n",
    "\n",
    "Further, AutoGen is extensible and composable: you can extend a simple agent with customizable components and create workflows that can combine these agents and power a more sophisticated agent, resulting in implementations that are modular and easy to maintain.\n",
    "\n",
    "Most importantly, AutoGen is developed by a vibrant community of researchers\n",
    "and engineers. It incorporates the latest research in multi-agent systems\n",
    "and has been used in many real-world applications, including agent platform,\n",
    "advertising, AI employees, blog/article writing, blockchain, calculate burned areas by wildfires,\n",
    "customer support, cybersecurity, data analytics, debate, education, finance, gaming, legal consultation,\n",
    "research, robotics, sales/marketing, social simulation, software engineering,\n",
    "software security, supply chain, t-shirt design, training data generation, Youtube service..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Installation\n",
    "\n",
    "The simplest way to install AutoGen is from pip: `pip install pyautogen`. Find more options in [Installation](/docs/installation/)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Agents\n",
    "\n",
    "In AutoGen, an agent is an entity that can send and receive messages to and from\n",
    "other agents in its environment. An agent can be powered by models (such as a large language model\n",
    "like GPT-4), code executors (such as an IPython kernel), human, or a combination of these\n",
    "and other pluggable and customizable components.\n",
    "\n",
    "```{=mdx}\n",
    "![ConversableAgent](./assets/conversable-agent.png)\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "An example of such agents is the built-in `ConversableAgent` which supports the following components:\n",
    "\n",
    "1. A list of LLMs\n",
    "2. A code executor\n",
    "3. A function and tool executor\n",
    "4. A component for keeping human-in-the-loop\n",
    "\n",
    "You can switch each component on or off and customize it to suit the need of \n",
    "your application. You even can add additional components to the agent's capabilities."
   ]
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "LLMs, for example, enable agents to converse in natural languages and transform between structured and unstructured text. \n",
    "The following example shows a `ConversableAgent` with a GPT-4 LLM switched on and other\n",
    "components switched off:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "from autogen import ConversableAgent\n",
    "\n",
    "agent = ConversableAgent(\n",
    "    \"chatbot\",\n",
    "    llm_config={\"config_list\": [{\"model\": \"gpt-4\", \"api_key\": os.environ.get(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")}]},\n",
    "    code_execution_config=False,  # Turn off code execution, by default it is off.\n",
    "    function_map=None,  # No registered functions, by default it is None.\n",
    "    human_input_mode=\"NEVER\",  # Never ask for human input.\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The `llm_config` argument contains a list of configurations for the LLMs.\n",
    "See [LLM Configuration](/docs/topics/llm_configuration) for more details."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "You can ask this agent to generate a response to a question using the `generate_reply` method:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
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     "text": [
      "Sure, here's one for you:\n",
      "\n",
      "Why don't scientists trust atoms? \n",
      "\n",
      "Because they make up everything!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "reply = agent.generate_reply(messages=[{\"content\": \"Tell me a joke.\", \"role\": \"user\"}])\n",
    "print(reply)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Roles and Conversations\n",
    "\n",
    "In AutoGen, you can assign roles to agents and have them participate in conversations or chat with each other. A conversation is a sequence of messages exchanged between agents. You can then use these conversations to make progress on a task. For example, in the example below, we assign different roles to two agents by setting their\n",
    "`system_message`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "cathy = ConversableAgent(\n",
    "    \"cathy\",\n",
    "    system_message=\"Your name is Cathy and you are a part of a duo of comedians.\",\n",
    "    llm_config={\"config_list\": [{\"model\": \"gpt-4\", \"temperature\": 0.9, \"api_key\": os.environ.get(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")}]},\n",
    "    human_input_mode=\"NEVER\",  # Never ask for human input.\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "joe = ConversableAgent(\n",
    "    \"joe\",\n",
    "    system_message=\"Your name is Joe and you are a part of a duo of comedians.\",\n",
    "    llm_config={\"config_list\": [{\"model\": \"gpt-4\", \"temperature\": 0.7, \"api_key\": os.environ.get(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")}]},\n",
    "    human_input_mode=\"NEVER\",  # Never ask for human input.\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Now that we have two comedian agents, we can ask them to start a comedy show.\n",
    "This can be done using the `initiate_chat` method.\n",
    "We set the `max_turns` to 2 to keep the conversation short."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
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     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[33mjoe\u001b[0m (to cathy):\n",
      "\n",
      "Tell me a joke.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mcathy\u001b[0m (to joe):\n",
      "\n",
      "Sure, here's a classic one for you:\n",
      "\n",
      "Why don't scientists trust atoms?\n",
      "\n",
      "Because they make up everything!\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mjoe\u001b[0m (to cathy):\n",
      "\n",
      "That's a great one, Joe! Here's my turn:\n",
      "\n",
      "Why don't some fish play piano?\n",
      "\n",
      "Because you can't tuna fish!\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mcathy\u001b[0m (to joe):\n",
      "\n",
      "Haha, good one, Cathy! I have another:\n",
      "\n",
      "Why was the math book sad?\n",
      "\n",
      "Because it had too many problems!\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "result = joe.initiate_chat(cathy, message=\"Tell me a joke.\", max_turns=2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The comedians are bouncing off each other!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Summary\n",
    "\n",
    "In this chapter, we introduced the concept of agents, roles and conversations in AutoGen.\n",
    "For simplicity, we only used LLMs and created fully autonomous agents (`human_input_mode` was set to `NEVER`). \n",
    "In the next chapter, \n",
    "we will show how you can control when to _terminate_ a conversation between autonomous agents."
   ]
  }
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