diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/locator.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/locator.ts
index 0dd097a498..be42ffc60e 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/locator.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/locator.ts
@@ -303,13 +303,8 @@ export class Locator implements api.Locator {
     return await this._withElement((h, timeout) => h.screenshot({ ...options, mask, timeout }), options.timeout);
   }
 
-  async ariaSnapshot(options?: TimeoutOptions): Promise<string> {
-    const result = await this._frame._channel.ariaSnapshot({ ...options, selector: this._selector });
-    return result.snapshot;
-  }
-
-  async _snapshotForAI(): Promise<string> {
-    const result = await this._frame._channel.snapshotForAI({ selector: this._selector });
+  async ariaSnapshot(options?: { _forAI?: boolean } & TimeoutOptions): Promise<string> {
+    const result = await this._frame._channel.ariaSnapshot({ ...options, forAI: options?._forAI, selector: this._selector });
     return result.snapshot;
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/debug.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/debug.ts
index 58b1282a16..c58c3e4aaf 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/debug.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/debug.ts
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ export const commandsWithTracingSnapshots = new Set([
   'Frame.addScriptTag',
   'Frame.addStyleTag',
   'Frame.ariaSnapshot',
-  'Frame.snapshotForAI',
   'Frame.blur',
   'Frame.check',
   'Frame.click',
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/validator.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/validator.ts
index 5b870ad841..361742b8f6 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/validator.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/protocol/validator.ts
@@ -1484,17 +1484,12 @@ scheme.FrameAddStyleTagResult = tObject({
 });
 scheme.FrameAriaSnapshotParams = tObject({
   selector: tString,
+  forAI: tOptional(tBoolean),
   timeout: tOptional(tNumber),
 });
 scheme.FrameAriaSnapshotResult = tObject({
   snapshot: tString,
 });
-scheme.FrameSnapshotForAIParams = tObject({
-  selector: tString,
-});
-scheme.FrameSnapshotForAIResult = tObject({
-  snapshot: tString,
-});
 scheme.FrameBlurParams = tObject({
   selector: tString,
   strict: tOptional(tBoolean),
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dispatchers/frameDispatcher.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dispatchers/frameDispatcher.ts
index e87a8bfd8f..ef8b891d2f 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dispatchers/frameDispatcher.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dispatchers/frameDispatcher.ts
@@ -271,8 +271,4 @@ export class FrameDispatcher extends Dispatcher<Frame, channels.FrameChannel, Br
   async ariaSnapshot(params: channels.FrameAriaSnapshotParams, metadata: CallMetadata): Promise<channels.FrameAriaSnapshotResult> {
     return { snapshot: await this._frame.ariaSnapshot(metadata, params.selector, params) };
   }
-
-  async snapshotForAI(params: channels.FrameSnapshotForAIParams, metadata: CallMetadata): Promise<channels.FrameSnapshotForAIResult> {
-    return { snapshot: await this._frame.snapshotForAI(metadata, params.selector) };
-  }
 }
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dom.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dom.ts
index 331611108a..a047680092 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dom.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/dom.ts
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ export class ElementHandle<T extends Node = Node> extends js.JSHandle<T> {
     return this._page.delegate.getBoundingBox(this);
   }
 
-  async ariaSnapshot(options?: { forAI?: boolean }): Promise<string> {
+  async ariaSnapshot(options: { forAI?: boolean }): Promise<string> {
     return await this.evaluateInUtility(([injected, element, options]) => injected.ariaSnapshot(element, options), options);
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/frames.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/frames.ts
index 937c452031..b45bba2fb8 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/frames.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/frames.ts
@@ -1411,41 +1411,13 @@ export class Frame extends SdkObject {
     });
   }
 
-  async ariaSnapshot(metadata: CallMetadata, selector: string, options: types.TimeoutOptions = {}): Promise<string> {
+  async ariaSnapshot(metadata: CallMetadata, selector: string, options: { forAI?: boolean } & types.TimeoutOptions = {}): Promise<string> {
     const controller = new ProgressController(metadata, this);
     return controller.run(async progress => {
-      return await this._retryWithProgressIfNotConnected(progress, selector, true /* strict */, true /* performActionPreChecks */, handle => handle.ariaSnapshot());
+      return await this._retryWithProgressIfNotConnected(progress, selector, true /* strict */, true /* performActionPreChecks */, handle => handle.ariaSnapshot(options));
     }, this._page.timeoutSettings.timeout(options));
   }
 
-  async snapshotForAI(metadata: CallMetadata, selector: string): Promise<string> {
-    const allFrameSnapshot = async (selector: string): Promise<string> => {
-      const controller = new ProgressController(metadata, this);
-      const snapshot = await controller.run(async progress => {
-        return await this._retryWithProgressIfNotConnected(progress, selector, true /* strict */, true /* performActionPreChecks */, handle => handle.ariaSnapshot({ forAI: true }));
-      }, this._page.timeoutSettings.defaultTimeout());
-
-      const lines = snapshot.split('\n');
-      const result = [];
-      for (const line of lines) {
-        const match = line.match(/^(\s*)- iframe \[ref=(.*)\]/);
-        if (!match) {
-          result.push(line);
-          continue;
-        }
-
-        const leadingSpace = match[1];
-        const ref = match[2];
-        const childSelector = `${selector} >> aria-ref=${ref} >> internal:control=enter-frame >> body`;
-        const childSnapshot = await allFrameSnapshot(childSelector);
-        result.push(line + ':', childSnapshot.split('\n').map(l => leadingSpace + '  ' + l).join('\n'));
-      }
-      return result.join('\n');
-    };
-
-    return await allFrameSnapshot(selector);
-  }
-
   async expect(metadata: CallMetadata, selector: string, options: FrameExpectParams): Promise<{ matches: boolean, received?: any, log?: string[], timedOut?: boolean }> {
     const result = await this._expectImpl(metadata, selector, options);
     // Library mode special case for the expect errors which are return values, not exceptions.
diff --git a/packages/protocol/src/channels.d.ts b/packages/protocol/src/channels.d.ts
index 97913011b4..0b7fa280e6 100644
--- a/packages/protocol/src/channels.d.ts
+++ b/packages/protocol/src/channels.d.ts
@@ -2589,7 +2589,6 @@ export interface FrameChannel extends FrameEventTarget, Channel {
   addScriptTag(params: FrameAddScriptTagParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameAddScriptTagResult>;
   addStyleTag(params: FrameAddStyleTagParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameAddStyleTagResult>;
   ariaSnapshot(params: FrameAriaSnapshotParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameAriaSnapshotResult>;
-  snapshotForAI(params: FrameSnapshotForAIParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameSnapshotForAIResult>;
   blur(params: FrameBlurParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameBlurResult>;
   check(params: FrameCheckParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameCheckResult>;
   click(params: FrameClickParams, metadata?: CallMetadata): Promise<FrameClickResult>;
@@ -2696,23 +2695,16 @@ export type FrameAddStyleTagResult = {
 };
 export type FrameAriaSnapshotParams = {
   selector: string,
+  forAI?: boolean,
   timeout?: number,
 };
 export type FrameAriaSnapshotOptions = {
+  forAI?: boolean,
   timeout?: number,
 };
 export type FrameAriaSnapshotResult = {
   snapshot: string,
 };
-export type FrameSnapshotForAIParams = {
-  selector: string,
-};
-export type FrameSnapshotForAIOptions = {
-
-};
-export type FrameSnapshotForAIResult = {
-  snapshot: string,
-};
 export type FrameBlurParams = {
   selector: string,
   strict?: boolean,
diff --git a/packages/protocol/src/protocol.yml b/packages/protocol/src/protocol.yml
index d3ca7190c5..94553efd79 100644
--- a/packages/protocol/src/protocol.yml
+++ b/packages/protocol/src/protocol.yml
@@ -1976,20 +1976,13 @@ Frame:
     ariaSnapshot:
       parameters:
         selector: string
+        forAI: boolean?
         timeout: number?
       returns:
         snapshot: string
       flags:
         snapshot: true
 
-    snapshotForAI:
-      parameters:
-        selector: string
-      returns:
-        snapshot: string
-      flags:
-        snapshot: true
-
     blur:
       parameters:
         selector: string
diff --git a/tests/page/page-aria-snapshot-ai.spec.ts b/tests/page/page-aria-snapshot-ai.spec.ts
index b1b060fccc..16872d2b5f 100644
--- a/tests/page/page-aria-snapshot-ai.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/page/page-aria-snapshot-ai.spec.ts
@@ -14,11 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+import type { FrameLocator, Page } from '@playwright/test';
 import { test as it, expect } from './pageTest';
 
-function snapshotForAI(page: any): Promise<string> {
-  return page.locator('body')._snapshotForAI();
-}
+const forAI = { _forAI: true } as any;
 
 it('should generate refs', async ({ page }) => {
   await page.setContent(`
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ it('should generate refs', async ({ page }) => {
     <button>Three</button>
   `);
 
-  const snapshot1 = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot1 = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot1).toContainYaml(`
     - generic [ref=e1]:
       - button "One" [ref=e2]
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ it('should generate refs', async ({ page }) => {
     e.textContent = 'Not Two';
   });
 
-  const snapshot2 = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot2 = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot2).toContainYaml(`
     - generic [ref=e1]:
       - button "One" [ref=e2]
@@ -57,17 +56,37 @@ it('should list iframes', async ({ page }) => {
     <iframe name="foo" src="data:text/html,<h1>World</h1>">
   `);
 
-  const snapshot1 = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot1 = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot1).toContain('- iframe');
 
   const frameSnapshot = await page.frameLocator(`iframe`).locator('body').ariaSnapshot();
   expect(frameSnapshot).toEqual('- heading "World" [level=1]');
 });
 
-it('should stitch all frame snapshots', async ({ page, server }) => {
+it('ref mode can be used to stitch all frame snapshots', async ({ page, server }) => {
   await page.goto(server.PREFIX + '/frames/nested-frames.html');
-  const snapshot = await snapshotForAI(page);
-  expect(snapshot).toContainYaml(`
+
+  async function allFrameSnapshot(frame: Page | FrameLocator): Promise<string> {
+    const snapshot = await frame.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
+    const lines = snapshot.split('\n');
+    const result = [];
+    for (const line of lines) {
+      const match = line.match(/^(\s*)- iframe \[ref=(.*)\]/);
+      if (!match) {
+        result.push(line);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const leadingSpace = match[1];
+      const ref = match[2];
+      const childFrame = frame.frameLocator(`aria-ref=${ref}`);
+      const childSnapshot = await allFrameSnapshot(childFrame);
+      result.push(line + ':', childSnapshot.split('\n').map(l => leadingSpace + '  ' + l).join('\n'));
+    }
+    return result.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  expect(await allFrameSnapshot(page)).toContainYaml(`
     - generic [ref=e1]:
       - iframe [ref=e2]:
         - generic [ref=e1]:
@@ -87,7 +106,7 @@ it('should not generate refs for hidden elements', async ({ page }) => {
     <button>Three</button>
   `);
 
-  const snapshot = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot).toContainYaml(`
     - generic [ref=e1]:
       - button "One" [ref=e2]
@@ -119,7 +138,7 @@ it('should not generate refs for elements with pointer-events:none', async ({ pa
     </div>
   `);
 
-  const snapshot = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot).toContainYaml(`
     - generic [ref=e1]:
       - button "no-ref"
@@ -163,7 +182,7 @@ it('emit generic roles for nodes w/o roles', async ({ page }) => {
     </div>
   `);
 
-  const snapshot = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
 
   expect(snapshot).toContainYaml(`
     - generic [ref=e2]:
@@ -193,7 +212,7 @@ it('should collapse generic nodes', async ({ page }) => {
     </div>
   `);
 
-  const snapshot = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot).toContainYaml(`
     - button \"Button\" [ref=e5]
   `);
@@ -204,7 +223,7 @@ it('should include cursor pointer hint', async ({ page }) => {
     <button style="cursor: pointer">Button</button>
   `);
 
-  const snapshot = await snapshotForAI(page);
+  const snapshot = await page.locator('body').ariaSnapshot(forAI);
   expect(snapshot).toContainYaml(`
     - button \"Button\" [ref=e2] [cursor=pointer]
   `);