diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/android.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/android.ts
index 6b8d6327eb..bdf8744771 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/android.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/android.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export class Android extends ChannelOwner<channels.AndroidChannel> implements ap
       const connectParams: channels.LocalUtilsConnectParams = { wsEndpoint, headers, slowMo: options.slowMo, timeout: options.timeout };
       const { pipe } = await localUtils._channel.connect(connectParams);
       const closePipe = () => pipe.close().catch(() => {});
-      const connection = new Connection(localUtils);
+      const connection = new Connection(localUtils, this._instrumentation);
       connection.markAsRemote();
       connection.on('close', closePipe);
 
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/browserType.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/browserType.ts
index d002fb5197..5c6127ddd5 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/browserType.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/browserType.ts
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ export class BrowserType extends ChannelOwner<channels.BrowserTypeChannel> imple
         connectParams.socksProxyRedirectPortForTest = (params as any).__testHookRedirectPortForwarding;
       const { pipe, headers: connectHeaders } = await localUtils._channel.connect(connectParams);
       const closePipe = () => pipe.close().catch(() => {});
-      const connection = new Connection(localUtils);
+      const connection = new Connection(localUtils, this._instrumentation);
       connection.markAsRemote();
       connection.on('close', closePipe);
 
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/connection.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/connection.ts
index 39760fb22c..a3b3dc6075 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/client/connection.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/client/connection.ts
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ import { LocalUtils } from './localUtils';
 import { Tracing } from './tracing';
 import { findValidator, ValidationError, type ValidatorContext } from '../protocol/validator';
 import { createInstrumentation } from './clientInstrumentation';
+import type { ClientInstrumentation } from './clientInstrumentation';
 
 class Root extends ChannelOwner<channels.RootChannel> {
   constructor(connection: Connection) {
@@ -73,12 +74,13 @@ export class Connection extends EventEmitter {
   // Some connections allow resolving in-process dispatchers.
   toImpl: ((client: ChannelOwner) => any) | undefined;
   private _tracingCount = 0;
-  readonly _instrumentation = createInstrumentation();
+  readonly _instrumentation: ClientInstrumentation;
 
-  constructor(localUtils?: LocalUtils) {
+  constructor(localUtils: LocalUtils | undefined, instrumentation: ClientInstrumentation | undefined) {
     super();
     this._rootObject = new Root(this);
     this._localUtils = localUtils;
+    this._instrumentation = instrumentation || createInstrumentation();
   }
 
   markAsRemote() {
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/inProcessFactory.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/inProcessFactory.ts
index 07959404ad..8bbfa82379 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/inProcessFactory.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/inProcessFactory.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import type { Language } from './utils/isomorphic/locatorGenerators';
 export function createInProcessPlaywright(): PlaywrightAPI {
   const playwright = createPlaywright({ sdkLanguage: (process.env.PW_LANG_NAME as Language | undefined) || 'javascript' });
 
-  const clientConnection = new Connection();
+  const clientConnection = new Connection(undefined, undefined);
   const dispatcherConnection = new DispatcherConnection(true /* local */);
 
   // Dispatch synchronously at first.
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/outofprocess.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/outofprocess.ts
index 5ef995874e..adc0783387 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/outofprocess.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/outofprocess.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class PlaywrightClient {
     this._driverProcess.unref();
     this._driverProcess.stderr!.on('data', data => process.stderr.write(data));
 
-    const connection = new Connection();
+    const connection = new Connection(undefined, undefined);
     connection.markAsRemote();
     const transport = new PipeTransport(this._driverProcess.stdin!, this._driverProcess.stdout!);
     connection.onmessage = message => transport.send(JSON.stringify(message));