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170 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
170 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: multi-pages
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title: "Multi-page scenarios"
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---
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Playwright can automate scenarios that span multiple browser contexts or multiple tabs in a browser window.
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- [Multiple contexts](#multiple-contexts)
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- [Multiple pages](#multiple-pages)
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- [Handling new pages](#handling-new-pages)
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- [Handling popups](#handling-popups)
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## Multiple contexts
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[Browser contexts](core-concepts.md#browser-contexts) are isolated environments on a single browser instance. Playwright can create multiple browser contexts within a single scenario. This is useful when you want to test for multi-user functionality, like chat.
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```js
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const { chromium } = require('playwright');
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// Create a Chromium browser instance
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const browser = await chromium.launch();
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// Create two isolated browser contexts
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const userContext = await browser.newContext();
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const adminContext = await browser.newContext();
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// Load user and admin cookies
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await userContext.addCookies(userCookies);
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await adminContext.addCookies(adminCookies);
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```
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#### API reference
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- [BrowserContext]
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- [browser.newContext([options])](api/class-browser.md#browsernewcontextoptions)
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- [browserContext.addCookies(cookies)](api/class-browsercontext.md#browsercontextaddcookiescookies)
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## Multiple pages
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Each browser context can host multiple pages (tabs).
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* Each page behaves like a focused, active page. Bringing the page to front is not required.
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* Pages inside a context respect context-level emulation, like viewport sizes, custom network routes or browser locale.
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```js
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// Create two pages
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const pageOne = await context.newPage();
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const pageTwo = await context.newPage();
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// Get pages of a brower context
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const allPages = context.pages();
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```
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#### API reference
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- [Page]
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- [browserContext.newPage()](api/class-browsercontext.md#browsercontextnewpage)
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- [browserContext.pages()](api/class-browsercontext.md#browsercontextpages)
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## Handling new pages
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The `page` event on browser contexts can be used to get new pages that are created in the context. This can be used to handle new pages opened by `target="_blank"` links.
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```js
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// Get page after a specific action (e.g. clicking a link)
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const [newPage] = await Promise.all([
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context.waitForEvent('page'),
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page.click('a[target="_blank"]') // Opens a new tab
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])
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await newPage.waitForLoadState();
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console.log(await newPage.title());
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```
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If the action that triggers the new page is unknown, the following pattern can be used.
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```js
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// Get all new pages (including popups) in the context
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context.on('page', async page => {
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await page.waitForLoadState();
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await page.title();
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})
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```
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#### API reference
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- [browserContext.on('page')](api/class-browsercontext.md#browsercontextonpage)
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## Handling popups
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If the page opens a pop-up, you can get a reference to it by listening to the `popup` event on the page.
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This event is emitted in addition to the `browserContext.on('page')` event, but only for popups relevant to this page.
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```js
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// Get popup after a specific action (e.g., click)
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const [popup] = await Promise.all([
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page.waitForEvent('popup'),
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page.click('#open')
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]);
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await popup.waitForLoadState();
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await popup.title();
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```
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If the action that triggers the popup is unknown, the following pattern can be used.
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```js
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// Get all popups when they open
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page.on('popup', async popup => {
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await popup.waitForLoadState();
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await popup.title();
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})
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```
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#### API reference
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- [page.on('popup')](api/class-page.md#pageonpopup)
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[Playwright]: api/class-playwright.md "Playwright"
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[Browser]: api/class-browser.md "Browser"
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[BrowserContext]: api/class-browsercontext.md "BrowserContext"
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[Page]: api/class-page.md "Page"
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[Frame]: api/class-frame.md "Frame"
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[ElementHandle]: api/class-elementhandle.md "ElementHandle"
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[JSHandle]: api/class-jshandle.md "JSHandle"
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[ConsoleMessage]: api/class-consolemessage.md "ConsoleMessage"
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[Dialog]: api/class-dialog.md "Dialog"
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[Download]: api/class-download.md "Download"
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[Video]: api/class-video.md "Video"
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[FileChooser]: api/class-filechooser.md "FileChooser"
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[Keyboard]: api/class-keyboard.md "Keyboard"
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[Mouse]: api/class-mouse.md "Mouse"
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[Touchscreen]: api/class-touchscreen.md "Touchscreen"
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[Request]: api/class-request.md "Request"
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[Response]: api/class-response.md "Response"
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[Selectors]: api/class-selectors.md "Selectors"
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[Route]: api/class-route.md "Route"
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[WebSocket]: api/class-websocket.md "WebSocket"
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[TimeoutError]: api/class-timeouterror.md "TimeoutError"
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[Accessibility]: api/class-accessibility.md "Accessibility"
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[Worker]: api/class-worker.md "Worker"
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[BrowserServer]: api/class-browserserver.md "BrowserServer"
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[BrowserType]: api/class-browsertype.md "BrowserType"
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[Logger]: api/class-logger.md "Logger"
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[ChromiumBrowser]: api/class-chromiumbrowser.md "ChromiumBrowser"
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[ChromiumBrowserContext]: api/class-chromiumbrowsercontext.md "ChromiumBrowserContext"
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[ChromiumCoverage]: api/class-chromiumcoverage.md "ChromiumCoverage"
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[CDPSession]: api/class-cdpsession.md "CDPSession"
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[FirefoxBrowser]: api/class-firefoxbrowser.md "FirefoxBrowser"
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[WebKitBrowser]: api/class-webkitbrowser.md "WebKitBrowser"
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[Array]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array "Array"
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[Buffer]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html#buffer_class_buffer "Buffer"
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[ChildProcess]: https://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html "ChildProcess"
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[Element]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/element "Element"
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[Error]: https://nodejs.org/api/errors.html#errors_class_error "Error"
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[Evaluation Argument]: ./core-concepts.md#evaluationargument "Evaluation Argument"
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[Map]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map "Map"
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[Object]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object "Object"
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[Promise]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise "Promise"
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[RegExp]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp "RegExp"
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[Serializable]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/stringify#Description "Serializable"
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[UIEvent.detail]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/UIEvent/detail "UIEvent.detail"
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[URL]: https://nodejs.org/api/url.html "URL"
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[USKeyboardLayout]: ../src/usKeyboardLayout.ts "USKeyboardLayout"
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[UnixTime]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time "Unix Time"
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[boolean]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Boolean_type "Boolean"
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[function]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function "Function"
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[iterator]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols "Iterator"
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[null]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/null "null"
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[number]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type "Number"
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[origin]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Origin "Origin"
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[selector]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Selectors "selector"
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[Readable]: https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_class_stream_readable "Readable"
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[string]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type "string"
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[xpath]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XPath "xpath"
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